Heating and ventilating system for incubators and brooders.



A. B. BOND. HEA'HNG AND VENTILATING SYSTEM FOR INCUBATORS AND BROODERS. APPLICATION FlLED SEPT. 2, I914.

1%?A9fi mama Nov. 20; 191?.

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A. B. BOND-.

HEATING ANDVENHLATING SYSTEM FOR INCUBATORS AND BROODERS.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 2, 914-.

Patent/ed Nov; 20, 191?.

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HEATING AND VENTlLATlNG SYSTEM FOR INCUBATORS AND BROODERS.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 2. 1914.

1 ,47A9P6 Patented Nov. 20, 1917,.

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J6 J 9 41 3 5 J Elwuwwtoz A00 chamber and a top or cover 5. of the incubator may be of any suitable con- ALICE B. BOND, OF VISALIA, CALIFORNIA.

HEATING AND VENTILATING SYSTEM FOR INCUBATORS AND BROODERS.

Specification of Letters Eatent.

Patented Nov. 2d, 191?.

Application filed September 2 1914. Serial No. 859,841.

To all whom it may concern:

l 3e it known that I, ALICE B. Form, a citizen of the United States, residing at .Visalia, in the county of Tulare and State of California, have invented new andnseful Improvements in Heatmg and Ventilating Systems for Incubators and Brooders, of

which the following is a specification.

This invention: is an improved heating and ventilating system for use in an incubator, a brooder, or other like device in which it is required that a moist atmosphere and an even temperature be maintained, the

invention consisting in the construction,

combination and arrangement of devices .herelnafter described and claimed.

One object of the invention is to efiect improvements in the heating means.

Another object is to combine with the heating means an improved automatically operating mechanism for controlling the supply of heated air to the incubator or brooder and to ventilate the same and prevent the accumulation of foul air therein.

' Another object is to provide improved means for indicating an undesirable increase of temperature.

In the accompanying drawings Figure 1 is partly an elevation and partly a vertical longitudinal sectional view of an incubator provided with a heating and ventilating system constructed in accordance with my invention.

Fig. 2 is a plan of the same.

Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional view of the same on the plane indicated by theline a-a of Fig. 1. v a

Fig. 4 is a similar view on the plane indicated by the line bb of Fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is a sectional view takenthrough the incubator on the line C-C of Fig. 1.

Fig. 6 is a sectional view through the lamp casing and the air heating drum associated therewith taken approximately on the tern, the body of the incubator beingindicated at 1, provided at its corners with supporting legs 2 and having an incubating chamber 3, doors 4 to aiiord access to said The body struction within the scope of my invention and is here shown as having double walls and packing or insulation 6 between the walls.

Egg racks or carriers 7 are indicated as arranged in two tiers and supported on flanges 8 which are attached to the walls and to pairs of spaced standards 9 within the incubator, the said tiers of egg trays being separated so that a space 10 is formed between them. Nursery trays 11 may be arranged under each tier of egg trays for the young chickens when hatched. The egg trays and nursery trays are movable and access is afi'orded thereto and to all parts of the incubating chamber by the doors.

In accordance with my invention 1 provide a casing 12 for the reception of a suitable lamp of ordinary construction and such as indicated at 13. This casing is vertically arranged, cylindrical in form, and has an opening in one side to afford access to the lamp, said opening being provided with a suitable door or closure 14. The bottom 15 of the casing is hinged at one side as at 16 and provided at the opposite side with aspring clasp 17 to secure the bottom in closed horizontal position. The casing is supported by brackets 18 on one end of the incubator body.

A vertically extending cylindrical air heating drum 19 is secured on the center of the top of the casing 12 and is provided at a point near its lower end with air intake openings 20. A wall or flange 21 is secured on the top of the casing and is spaced from and extends around the base of the air heating drum and forms a water receptacle 22 as shown. A hot air discharge pipe 23 leads from the upper end of the air heating drum into the incubating chamber and has an upturned inner end or arm 2a which discharges heated air under all parts of a distributing hood 25 which is arranged in the center of said chamber and which serves to distribute the heated air equally to all parts of the egg or incubating chamber.

A heat conveying pipe 26 which is of less diameter than the air heating drum passes vertically through the center of the latter and through the upper and lower ends thereof and is provided at its upper end with a horizontally arranged arm 27 which extends through one end wall of the body and is connected to a T-coupling 28 within the incubator body.

opposite QIIClLOf the body from the T-cou- 'p'lin'g'28. A heat discharge'pipe36 has con- A heat radiator 29 is arranged in the incubating chamber below the tiers ofeggcar riers and has an intake arm 30 which is connected to one end of the T-coupling. This radiator tcomprises atubular side members 31-32 and tubular connection members 33-34 which connect said side membersand which are suitably spaced apart. The tubular member 33 has a centrally arranged discharge tube 35 which extends through the nection with the opposite end of the T-coupling and passes out through one side wall oi the body.

The intake arnr 30 and heat discharge pipe 36 are respectively provided with vertically "movable valves or shutters 37-38 which operate in vertlcal guideways with 'WlllOll said arm and discharge pipe are provided. Said valves are connected together by a beam 39 which is fulcrumed or. a standard 40 and causes the said valves to move simultaneously in reverse directions so that when one of them is in open position the other will be in closed position.

Horizontal baiiles etl are arranged inthe drum 19 and have central openings through whichthe chimney pipe 26 passes and are also provided with spaced openings 42. "Vertically arranged substantially radial baffies and heat retaining and radiating fins 453 are placed in the spaces between thebaf- Saidlbafiies and fins provide tortuous passages for the air which passesup through the drum, so asto retard the passage of air through the drum and "cause it to be thoroughly heated before being discharged into the radiator 29. The water in the receptacle 22 is heated also and gives off steam or vapor which is drawn into the air'heating drum through the opening'20 so that'the air is heated in the drum and is moistenedto an extent such as is required to promote the incubation of the eggs in the egg chamber.

One side wall of the incubator is provided with an air escape opening it which has a vertically movable valve or shutter 45.

A tubular casing 46 is arranged vertically'and extends down through the'top of "theincubator and is provided at its lower end with a holder 47 which is arranged in the central space 10 in the incubator, the

holder supporting a thermostat 48. A

4:9 extendsnp from the thermostat through the said casing and its upper end engages a lever 50 which is pivotally mounted in bearings 51 on the upper end of the casing, the said lever being connected to the end of the beam .39 above the valve 38.

..A second thermostat 52 is arranged in a holder 53 .at the lower end of a tubular and extends down through the "top of the incubator and is provided .atits upper end avith bearings 55 for a lever 56 which is The pin 57 of;

connected to the valve 4L5. said, thermostat passes up through the casing-5e and is-connectedato said lever 56. The valve 45 is normally closed but when [the thermostat 52 expands, the said valve 45,

through the instrumentality of the lever 56 and the pm which is connected with said lever is opened so as to Permit escape of heated air from the incubating chamber.

Normally the valve 538 :is closed "and the valve37 is open so that the heat from the lamp is caused to pass through all the members of the "radiator or heat distributing members 29 before escaping at 35. While the heat in the incubator chamber 'is at the desired degree the valve 37 remains open and the valve 38 closed but on an increase of the temperature the thermostat 459 by expanding causes the lever 50 to be operated and said lever"turns "the beam 39 so as to close'the valve 37 andopen the valve*3 8and therebyJcut ofl' further-supply otheat from the radiator :and "cause the heat irom the lamp to be dischargedinto the outer-air directly through the pipe 36. As soon as the temperature becomes lowered the valve 38 V is gain closed' and thevalve 37 opened a d ence :the thermostatically operated valve acts automatically {to maintain the required temperature in the incubating :chamber -un- "der all conditions. 'In practice the thermotemperature "is below the required degree this electriccircult "is closed bythe thermostat,*thereby causing the lamp to heoperated or lighted and the same continuesi inoporation until "17116 temperature is raised to .the required-degree. 'Hencein'the event of a decreased temperature-to an undesirable extent the lamp or'other signaling-elements *indicate suchfact and reminds the attendant that the incubator needs attention.

Having thus described my invention, I

claim In a device of the class "described, a radiator having a discharge opening at one .end'thereof, a heater-casing spaced from'the other end of-saidiratha-tor, a heat "pipe in y communication with said heater casing extending above the'sameand toward said radiator, air inoistening "means on said heater casing, an airheatingdrum onsaid casing 5-il which is snnilar to the cas1ng46 heat pipe extending above said air moistena hot air pipe communicating with said ranged respectively in said radiator and heat 10 air heating drum above said moistening' discharge pipe.

means having its discharge end arranged In testimony whereof I aifix my signature in 51 plane parallel wilrlith and central of said in presence of two witnesses.

ra iator, a mat (isc ar e i e ad'acentthe last mentioned end of igdiathr, a cou- ALICE BOND pling connected with the heat discharge Witnesses: pipe radiator and heat pipe, and a pair of EARL A. BAGBY, connected mechanically operated valves ar- MAY M. CROSS @oplea 0! this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patenta, Washington, D. G. 

